Male Infertility: Research in the BMJ shows that environmental pollutants can have different effects on the fertility of men and women.
A new study has revealed that air pollution increases the risk of infertility in men, while noise pollution can increase the risk of infertility in women. The study has been published in the British Medical Journal (BMJ) and showed how prolonged exposure to road traffic noise and air pollution (especially PM2.5) can increase the risk of infertility in men and women. The study used data from 526,056 men aged 30 to 45 years and 377,850 women who lived in Denmark from 2000 to 2017 and who were trying to conceive.
Impact of Air Pollution and Noise Pollution
This study evaluates the effects of a particular form of air pollution, PM2.5, and road traffic noise. PM2.5 is a type of pollutant that is present in the air as fine particles and which is harmful to the respiratory system. The study found that if men were exposed to 2.9 micrograms per cubic metre more PM2.5 pollution than the average for five years, their risk of infertility increased by 24%. However, no clear association was found with PM2.5 pollution in women.
Impact of Noise Pollution in Women
At the same time, the impact of road traffic noise was seen more for women. The study found that if women were exposed to 10.2 decibels more noise pollution than the average for five years, the risk of infertility increased by 14% in women above the age of 35 years. However, no association was found between noise pollution and infertility in women aged between 30 and 35 years. Additionally, for men aged 37 to 45, road traffic noise slightly increased the risk of infertility, but had no effect in men between 30 and 37 years old.
Conclusion and possible impact
The findings of this study make it clear that air pollution and noise pollution can have a profound impact on infertility in men and women, especially if a person is exposed to these pollutants for a long time. Several previous studies have found a negative association between particulate air pollution and sperm quality, but the results were inconsistent, the researchers said.
Concerns over rising cases of infertility
According to the study, almost one-half of couples who are trying to get pregnant face infertility. In such a situation, understanding the effects of air and noise pollution and controlling them has become necessary to increase the birth rate.
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