Dog bites are often associated with rabies, but medical experts warn that they can also lead to several other dangerous and potentially life-threatening illnesses. While rabies remains the most common and deadly disease caused by infected dog bites — especially from unvaccinated stray dogs — other bacterial infections and complications can also occur, making prompt medical care essential.

According to Dr. N.R. Rawat of Rajasthan Veterinary and Animal Science University, one such dangerous infection is caused by the bacteria Capnocytophaga canimorsus, found in a dog’s mouth. This bacteria enters the body through a bite wound and can cause severe pus-forming infections, leading to redness, swelling, and skin inflammation. These infections are particularly risky for people with compromised immunity, such as the elderly, diabetics, or cancer patients, and can turn fatal if untreated.

Another major threat from untreated dog bites is sepsis, a life-threatening condition where bacteria enter the bloodstream, potentially causing blood loss, blocked arteries, organ failure, and even death. Sepsis can develop if the wound is not thoroughly cleaned or medical care is delayed. Warning signs include pus, redness, burning sensation, fever, and weakness around the bite area.

Preventive Steps After a Dog Bite

• Wash the wound immediately with clean water and soap.

• Seek immediate medical attention and follow recommended vaccinations (including rabies and tetanus).

• Watch for symptoms like swelling, pus, fever, or weakness — and treat them as medical emergencies.

• Avoid treating a dog bite as a “minor injury,” especially when stray dogs are involved, since they are usually unvaccinated.

Experts caution that unlike trained pet dogs, stray dogs have an aggressive, predatory instinct and no vaccination history, making their bites far riskier. While rabies prevention is vital, awareness about other bite-related infections like bacterial pus formation and sepsis is equally important for saving lives.