US President Donald Trump has officially signed a highly anticipated executive order that establishes a new framework for federal oversight of cutting-edge artificial intelligence.

Titled “Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security,” the directive targets the creators of the world's most powerful AI systems. The order sets up a process where tech giants will give the government early access to their models to test for national security and cyber defense threats before they hit the market.

Crucially, the White House has structured this as a voluntary collaboration with leading AI labs like OpenAI, Anthropic, Google, and Microsoft—meaning no company is legally forced to participate.

The 30-Day Window: How the System Works

The primary goal of the order is defensive: preventing massive AI-driven cyberattacks and securing critical infrastructure.

• Early Access: Participating AI companies will share their advanced systems with the government exactly 30 days before their public release.

• The Testing Phase: During this 30-day window, federal agencies and intelligence experts will benchmark the AI's capabilities. They will hunt for "deserialization flaws" and other vulnerabilities that hackers could weaponize.

• A Massive Timeline Cut: The June 2 executive order slashes the government review period from the 90 days proposed in earlier drafts down to a maximum of 30 days.

Why the Delay? Trump’s Hesitation Over the "China Factor"

While the order was finalized on June 2, it was originally scheduled to be signed weeks earlier at a White House ceremony on May 20. Trump abruptly canceled that signing at the last minute after voicing serious concerns.

Trump worried that a mandatory 90-day review period would act as bureaucratic quicksand, slowing down American tech companies and causing them to lose their competitive edge against China in the global AI race.

To fix this, the final order compromised: it completely removed mandatory penalties, made the framework strictly voluntary, and shrank the review time to just 30 days. This allows American labs to quickly sync the government review with their own pre-launch preparations without missing a beat.