Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is a serious infection of the female reproductive organs, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. It typically affects women after the age of 16, and if left untreated, it can cause chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy (a pregnancy outside the uterus).

What Causes PID?

The most common cause of PID is a sexually transmitted infection (STI), especially:

• Chlamydia

• Gonorrhea

These infections usually spread through unprotected sex, especially when having multiple sexual partners. In rare cases, PID can also result from non-sexual bacterial infections, but this accounts for less than 10% of cases.

Common Symptoms of PID

Women with PID may experience one or more of the following:

• Lower abdominal or pelvic pain

• Fever or chills

• Irregular or missed periods

• Pain during sexual intercourse

• Unusual vaginal discharge (possibly with an odor)

• Burning sensation while urinating

• Fatigue or general weakness

These symptoms can vary in severity, and in some cases, PID can be mild or even asymptomatic, making it harder to detect early.

Why Early Detection Matters

If not treated promptly, PID can lead to:

• Infertility (due to scarring of the fallopian tubes)

• Chronic pelvic pain

• Ectopic pregnancy (life-threatening if untreated)

How Is PID Treated?

• Antibiotics are the main treatment and are usually given for 14 days or longer, depending on the severity.

• In some cases, hospitalization may be required.

• Sexual partners should also be tested and treated to prevent reinfection.

• Follow-up visits are essential to ensure the infection is completely cleared.

How to Prevent PID

• Always practice safe sex (use condoms).

• Get regular STI screenings, especially if sexually active with multiple partners.

• Avoid douching or using harsh vaginal products that can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria.

• Seek medical advice early if you notice any unusual symptoms.