As temperatures soar during summer and humidity rises, body odor becomes a common concern. While many people assume sweat itself smells bad, experts say that's not actually the case. The unpleasant odor develops when sweat mixes with naturally occurring bacteria on the skin.

For some people, the smell can be especially strong—whether it's from the underarms or even the feet after removing shoes. Understanding why this happens can help you manage and prevent it more effectively.

Why Does Sweat Smell?

According to geriatrician Dr. Abhishek Shukla, our skin is home to millions of harmless bacteria. Sweat is mainly made up of water and salt, but bacteria feed on the proteins and fats found on the skin. As they break these substances down, they release compounds responsible for body odor.

The strength of the odor depends on three key factors:

• The type of sweat glands active in your body
• The kind of bacteria living on your skin
• Your diet, lifestyle, and surrounding environment

The Two Types of Sweat Glands

Eccrine Glands

These glands are spread across areas like the face, forehead, and palms. They produce a watery, salty sweat that helps cool the body by evaporating from the skin. Since this sweat contains very little fat or protein, it usually doesn't create a noticeable smell.

Apocrine Glands

Located mainly in the underarms and groin area, these glands become active during puberty. They are also stimulated by stress and anxiety. The sweat they produce is richer in proteins and fats, giving skin bacteria more nutrients to break down. As a result, these areas are more likely to develop a strong body odor.

Which Bacteria Cause the Smell?

Certain bacteria, including Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium, break down sweat and release odor-causing substances such as propionic acid. This chemical is one of the main reasons behind the sharp, unpleasant smell associated with body odor.

Can Stress Make Body Odor Worse?

Yes. Stress and anxiety can increase the activity of apocrine glands, leading to more protein-rich sweat. This creates ideal conditions for bacteria to produce stronger odors, which is why some people notice they smell more during stressful situations.

Tips to Reduce Body Odor

Maintaining good hygiene and a balanced lifestyle can help keep body odor under control. Experts also recommend limiting foods like onions, garlic, and overly spicy dishes, as they may contribute to stronger body odor in some individuals. Staying hydrated, wearing breathable clothing, and keeping the underarms and feet clean can also make a noticeable difference.