The defence agreement between Pakistan and Saudi Arabia has become a major topic of discussion across the Middle East, Europe, and Asia. While the deal reportedly gives Saudi Arabia access to nuclear capabilities, the big question is—what does Pakistan stand to gain in return?

Pakistan’s Top Leadership in Riyadh

To finalize the deal, Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shahbaz Sharif and Army Chief Asim Munir flew directly from Doha to Riyadh. They held high-level meetings with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and Defence Minister Khalid bin Salman. Following detailed discussions, both sides signed the agreement, which Saudi officials described as “historic.”

Analysts suggest the deal is partly driven by Saudi Arabia’s growing security concerns. Recent attacks in the region, including Israeli strikes on Qatar, have heightened Riyadh’s sense of vulnerability. Despite having U.S. military backing, Saudi Arabia has sought an additional security guarantee—and found it in nuclear-armed Pakistan.

What Pakistan Will Receive in Return

Saudi Arabia may rely on others for military strength, but it holds enormous financial and diplomatic clout. Pakistan, struggling with an economic crisis, is hoping to convert this deal into direct investments.

• Railways: Pakistan’s Railway Minister Hanif Abbasi has confirmed that both Saudi Arabia and the UAE have been asked to invest $2.5 billion in modernizing Pakistan Railways, which still operates largely on outdated infrastructure.

• Health and Energy: By August 2025, Saudi Arabia has already pledged $121 million in these critical sectors. For Pakistan, desperate for economic revival, such investments are a lifeline.

Diplomatic Advantages

Beyond money, the deal may bring diplomatic support. Saudi Arabia enjoys balanced ties with the U.S., Russia, China, and even India. This influence could help Pakistan on global platforms. During Operation Sindoor, Riyadh reportedly even sent an envoy to New Delhi in Pakistan’s defence.

Additionally, Pakistan, grappling with the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) threat from across the Afghan border, hopes that Saudi Arabia’s regional clout can aid in security negotiations.

Religious Leverage

Saudi Arabia also controls the Islamic holy sites of Mecca and Medina, giving it significant sway over religious matters. Pakistan, which sends about 200,000 pilgrims annually for Hajj, hopes the new deal could ease restrictions. In 2024, nearly 80,000 Pakistanis were denied Hajj clearance despite having completed the process—a situation Islamabad wants to avoid in the future.